Post-Human and Scientific Research: How Engineering Carried Out the Project
| Autor | Giampaolo Ghilardi - Dino Accotoe |
| Cargo | FAST, Istituto di Filosofia dell'Agire Scientifico e Tecnologico - Assistant Professor in Biomedic Engineering |
| Páginas | 379-386 |
GIAMPAOLO GHILARDI AND DINO ACCOTO POST-HUMAN AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: HOW ENGINEERING CARRIED OUT THE PROJECT
CUADERNOS DE BIOÉTICA XXV 2014/3ª
379
POSTHUMAN AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: HOW
ENGINEERING CARRIED OUT THE PROJECT
EL POSTHUMANO Y LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA:
COMO LA INGENIERÍA LLEVA A CABO EL PROYECTO
GIAMPAOLO GHILARDI*, DINO ACCOTO**
Università Campus Bio-medico di Roma
*FAST - Istituto di Filosofia dell’Agire Scientifico e Tecnologico
** Assistant Professor in Biomedic Engineering
Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma - ITALIA
g.ghilardi@unicampus.it
ABSTRACT:
We start with a definition of robot in order to understand which are legitimate robotics’ objectives. Then
it is provided an outline of new robot generations and their industrial and biomedical applications. We con-
sider the consequences of this new kind of technology on the notion of intelligence, stressing how the extero-
ceptive sensor systems provide a new bottom up approach to the AI debate. We consider three challenges
Robotics have to face nowadays. First materials and components, which are built with technologies top-down,
set huge limits in terms of weight, speed, safety and cost, not to mention reliability and durability. Second the
metholdological aspects: the challenge concerns the management of complexity. How to achieve intelligent
and adaptive behaviors out of the control system of the robot, which must remain intrisically simple? A third
issue we address is the cultural one: the unreasonable expectations of the general public often provoked by a
misunderstanding of the notion of intelligence itself. We consider then what makes human specifically human
from a broader philosophic point of view, pointing out how the will is strangely absent in the AI debate. We
show three advantages connected with this different perspective instead of the classical one intellect centered.
First, while intellect is not used only by man, will is. Second, desire involves intellect while the reciprocal is not
necessarily true. Third, looking at robotics and more specifically to cybernetics the key concept of these fields
are control and govenrance, whereas both of them are specifically relate to the domain of will rather than
intellect. We look then into the concept of participation as essential to the understanding of the notion of
will, to overcome some roboethics’ issues related to the adoption of the still dominant rationalitsic paradigm.
RESUMEN:
Después de haber propuesto una definición del concepto de robot, pasamos a considerar cuáles son los
objetivos legítimos de una robótica epistemológicamente coherente. Se analizan las nuevas y emergentes
tecnologías robóticas y las consecuencias que han tenido en campo biomédico e industrial, con particular
atención a los efectos que tienen estas novedades en relación con el concepto de inteligencia. En particu-
lar, como la nueva sensoristica, permitiendo la construcción de extero-ceptive systems, ha promovido nue-
vamente el acercamiento bottom up en el debate sobre la AI. Se consideran tres problemas: el componente
hardware, construido hasta hoy con tecnologías top down, poco eficaces para las necesidades bio-médicas;
los aspectos metodológicos, concretamente, cómo obtener comportamientos inteligentes y adaptativos,
Keywords:
Robotics, roboethics,
embodied
intelligence, free
will, ontological
participation.
Palabras clave:
robótica, roboética,
inteligencia
encarnada,
libre albedrío,
participación
ontológica.
Cuadernos de Bioética XXV 2014/3ª
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