Disability and work: the international and supranational legal framework
| Autor | Vincenzo Pietrogiovanni |
| Cargo | Post-doc Researcher at Lund University |
| Páginas | 30-53 |
Revista Derecho Social y Empresa Suplemento nº 1, Abril 2015
ISSN: 2341-135X págs.30-53
DISABILITY AND WORK:
THE INTERNATIONAL AND SUPRANATIONAL
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
VINCENZO PIETROGIOVANNI
Post-doc Researcher at Lund University
Fecha de recepción: 18–10–2014
Fecha de aceptación: 06–11–2014
SUMARIO
: 1. INTRODUCTION. 2. THE UN CONVENTION ON
RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES. 2.1. Disability and Rights. 2.2.
The Promotion of Employment. 3. THE EUROPEAN UNION’S FRAMEWORK.
3.1. The Meaning of “Disability” and “Reasonable Accommodation” according to the
ECJ. 4. THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND ITS
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK. 5. CONCLUSIONS.
RESUMEN
: Este artículo se centra en la promoción del empleo de personas con
discapacidad en el marco legal internacional y supranacional (Unión Europea y
Consejo de Europa). A partir de la definición de discapacidad y cómo ha cambiado en
las últimas décadas, el capítulo define la protección del derecho al trabajo de las
personas con discapacidad y los instrumentos jurídicos para su promoción, teniendo
también en cuenta la jurisprudencia reciente.
ABSTRACT
: This chapter focuses on the promotion of employment of persons
with disabilities provided by international and supranational (id. European Union and
Council of Europe) legal framework. Starting with the definition of disability and how
it has changed in the last decades, the chapter defines the protection of the right to
work of disabled people and the legal tools to promote it, also taking into account
recent case law.
PALABRAS CLAVE
: discapacidad, derechos, empleo, ajustes razonables.
KEYWORDS
: disability, rights, employment, reasonable accommodation.
Vincenzo Pietrogiovanni
Revista Derecho Social y Empresa Suplemento nº 1, Abril 2015
ISSN: 2341-135X pág. 31
“All human beings, irrespective of race, creed or
sex, have the right to pursue both their material well-
being and their spiritual development in conditions of
freedom and dignity, of economic security and equal
opportunity”.
Declaration of Philadelphia, International
Labour Conference, 1944
1. INTRODUCTION
People experiencing disabilities represent around 15% of the world’s population
(about 1 billion people)3, one of the largest minority groups in the world. According
to the International Labour Organization (ILO), in the world an estimated 470
million people in working-age live with some type of disability4.
Despite the relevance and the size of the phenomenon, persons with disabilities
have not always been object of direct interest for international law, in particular during
the first three decades after the birth of United Nations. The Universal Declaration of
Human Rights of 1948, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the
mention explicitly persons with disability among the protected categories, indeed.
Only starting in the 1970s, disability has become a specific international issue related
to human rights.
After a long history of tragedies “hidden in the collective unconscious”5, disabled
people had been considered as objects of charity and care; but since the 1970's the
human rights perspective has started to change the legal scenario. This process began
1 World Report on Disability, 2011, World Health Organization, document available at
www.who.int/disabilities.
2 Facts on Disability World of Work, International Labour Organization, November 2007,
document available at www.ilo.org/employment/disability.
3 G. LOY, “La disabilità nelle fonti internazionali”, in C. LA MACCHIA (ed.), Disabilità e lavoro,
Ediesse, Roma, 2009, pp. 33-35, referring to R. TARDITI, “L’olocausto delle diversità, un
passato poco conosciuto”, La rivista psichiatrica/informazione, Vol. 1/2007, num. 32, 2005.
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